Tyumen, Russian Federation
The article examines the role of reading and various forms of library services as an integral part of the intellectual leisure of adults and children in Tyumen during the Great Patriotic War. The main methods of the study were bibliographic and archival search, traditional methods of historiography and document analysis – historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-typological – and their interpretation. The article, based on the works of its predecessors, is based on documentary sources. The most popular were documents stored in the archives of Tyumen and Omsk, many of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, as well as materials from the local periodical press (the newspapers Omskaya Pravda, Tyumenskaya Pravda, Krasnoye Znamya). The material and technical base of libraries that had developed by 1941, changes in the organization of their work with the beginning of the war, difficulties that employees of city and departmental libraries overcame, and changes in personnel were identified. The diversity of activities of libraries in a rear city under extreme war conditions is shown, and objective and subjective factors that influenced them are revealed. The influence of the formation of the Tyumen Region in 1944 on the cultural life of the city, including the activities of libraries, is analyzed. A conclusion is made about the importance of libraries in organizing the intellectual leisure of Tyumen residents, as well as about the inclusion of part of the city's population in literary creativity. The factual data obtained will contribute to a more complete reconstruction of the daily life of the population of Tyumen during the war and a better understanding of the factors that helped Tyumen residents overcome the hardships of wartime and bring the Victory closer.
The Second Great World War, leisure, Tyumen, libraries, urban population, reading
1. Andreeva, A.V. (2014). Intellektual`ny`j dosug kak sfera polisub``ektnogo vzaimodejstviya. Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul`turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy` teorii i praktiki. Tambov: Gramota, (12 (50)), 13-16. (in Russ.). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/SXXJIX
2. Bol`she vnimaniya by`tovy`m nuzhdam molodezhi. (1944). Krasnoe znamya, (42 (6982)), 2. (in Russ.).
3. Vospominaniya, V.V. Rodionovoj. Cit. po: Popchenkova A.V. (2005). Bibliotechnoe delo Tyumenskoj oblasti v gody` Velikoj Otechestvennoj vojny`. Nenapisanny`e stranicy istorii bibliotek, (4), 4-11. (in Russ.).
4. Vospominaniya, G.A. Polozkovoj. Iz lichnogo arxiva D.A. Vy`cherova.
5. Vsesoyuznaya perepis` naseleniya 1939 g. URL: https://clck.ru/3P6Gpf (data obrashheniya 29.05.2025).
6. Vy`polnit` resheniya XIII Plenuma CzK VLKSM – boevaya zadacha. (1945). Tyumenskaya pravda, (45 (108)), 2. (in Russ.).
7. Vy`cherov D.A. (2022). Povsednevnaya zhizn` sovetskix shkol`nikov ty`lovogo goroda v gody` Velikoj Otechestvennoj vojny` (na materialax g. Tyumeni): dis. ... kand. ist. nauk: 5.6.1. Sankt-Peterburgskij gosudarstvenny`j universitet, S-Pb., 230. (in Russ.).
8. Gosudarstvenny`j arxiv Tyumenskoj oblasti (GATO). F. R5. Op. 1. D. 461. (in Russ.).
9. GATO. F. R5. Op. 1. D. 620.
10. GATO. F. 84. Op. 2. D. 1562.
11. GATO. F. 1322. Op. 1. D. 1.
12. GATO. F. 1322. Op. 1. D. 2.
13. GATO. F. 1322. Op. 1. D. 3.
14. GATO. F. 1322. Op. 1. D. 4.
15. GATO. F. 1885. Op. 1. D. 4.
16. GATO. F. 1889. Op. 1. D. 1.
17. Gaun, E.A. (2003). Kniga v Tyumenskoj oblasti v gody` Velikoj Otechestvennoj vojny` (1941-1945 gody`). Shesty`e Makushinskie chteniya: tezisy` dokladov nauchnoj konferencii. Novosibirsk: [b.i], 200-202. (in Russ.).
18. Gosudarstvenny`j istoricheskij arxiv Omskoj oblasti (GiAOO). F. 437. Op. 9 D. 74.
19. GiAOO. F. 437. Op. 9. D. 1073.
20. Gorbunova, N.V. (2005). Listaya stranicy proshlogo: Pushkinskaya biblioteka v gody` Velikoj Otechestvennoj vojny`. Nenapisanny`e stranicy istorii bibliotek. Tyumen`: [b.i], (4), 15-17. (in Russ.).
21. Dokuchaev, G.A. (1968). Sibirskij ty`l v Velikoj Otechestvennoj vojne. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 322. (in Russ.).
22. Ermakov, I.I. (1995). Tyumen` ty`lovaya. Ekaterinburg: Sredne-Ural`skoe kn. izd-vo, 128. (in Russ.).
23. Ibniaminov, Z. (1945). Zaby`li o tatarskoj molodezhi. Tyumenskaya Pravda, (44 (107)), 2. (in Russ.).
24. Izveshhenie. (1941). Krasnoe znamya, (260 (6327)), 4. (in Russ.).
25. Izveshhenie. (1941). Krasnoe znamya, (296 (6363)), 4. (in Russ.).
26. Izveshhenie. (1942). Krasnoe znamya, (39 (6417)), 4. (in Russ.).
27. Izveshhenie. (1942). Krasnoe znamya, (41 (6419)), 2. (in Russ.).
28. Istoriya Sibiri s drevnejshix vremen do nashix dnej (1969), (5). Gl. red. A.P. Okladnikov. L: Nauka, 469. (in Russ.).
29. Karabanova, L. (1943). V molodezhnom obshhezhitii. Omskaya Pravda, (251 (2689)), 2. (in Russ.).
30. Konkurs na luchshij ocherk, stixotvorenie, risunok. (1944). Krasnoe znamya, (41 (6981)), 2. (in Russ.).
31. Korosty`shevskij, A. (1944). V vy`xodnoj den`. Krasnoe znamya, (17), 2. (in Russ.).
32. Mel`nikov, V. (1944). Gazety` za sem`yu zamkami. Tyumenskaya pravda, (24), 2. (in Russ.).
33. Mordvinceva, A.V. (2010). Poslevoennaya gorodskaya povsednevnost`: Tyumen` i tyumency v 1945–1953 gg.: dis. ... kand. ist. nauk. Tyumen`, 286. (in Russ.). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/QFAFWB
34. Orlov, G.P. (1983). Svobodnoe vremya i lichnost`. Sverdlovsk, (176). (in Russ.).
35. Osipov, D. (1944). Literaturny`j vecher v gospitale. Krasnoe znamya, (45 (6985)), 2. (in Russ.).
36. Ocherki istorii Tyumenskoj oblasti. (1994). Red. V.M. Kruzhinov, V.A. Danilov, I.F. Knapik. Tyumen`: Izdatel`stvo IPP «Tyumen`», 270. (in Russ.).
37. Po-bol`shevistski organizovat` agitacionnuyu i politmassovuyu rabotu. (1944). Krasnoe znamya, (116 (6756)), 1. (in Russ.).
38. Podgotovka k chexovskim dnyam. (1944). Krasnoe znamya, (135 (6775)), 1. (in Russ.).
39. Popchenkova, A.V. (2005). Bibliotechnoe delo Tyumenskoj oblasti v gody` Velikoj Otechestvennoj vojny`. Nenapisanny`e stranicy istorii bibliotek. Tyumen`, (4), 4-11. (in Russ.).
40. Popchenkova, A.V. Zatyumenskaya biblioteka (1930–1962 gg.). URL: https://clck.ru/3P6Gss (data obrashheniya: 15.04.2025). (in Russ.).
41. Popchenkova, A.V. (2004). Iz zhizni pervogo direktora. Biblioteka, (8),11-14. (in Russ.).
42. Redakciya. (1943). Organizovannoe sobranie litgruppy`. Krasnoe znamya, (164 (6845)), 2. (in Russ.).
43. Taratunina, N. (1944). Nabolevshie voprosy`. Tyumenskaya pravda, (15), 2. (in Russ.).
44. Taratunina, N. (1944). Net zaboty` o molody`x rabochix. Tyumenskaya pravda, (53), 2. (in Russ.).
45. Ushakova, E.A. (2008). Istoriya formirovaniya fonda IBCz TyumGU: poteri i priobreteniya. Sociokul`turnaya deyatel`nost` universitetskoj biblioteki v kontekste innovacionnogo obrazovaniya: materialy` nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii (g. Tyumen`, 10-11 aprelya 2008 g.). Tyumen`: Siti-Press, 103-110. (in Russ.).
46. Filippov, P. (1944). Portret. Krasnoe znamya, (81 (6721)), 2. (in Russ.).
