Chloroform Fraction of Drymaria cordata Linn (CFDC) Suppresses Estradiol Benzoate- Induced Endometrial Hyperplasia


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Abstract

Background: The diagnosis of uterine dysfunction (endometrial hyperplasia) is on the rise. The available treatment is quite expensive and associated with some side effects. The therapeutic potential of natural products is now being explored, as they are easily available with little or no side effects. Drymaraia cordata is folklorically utilized in the treatment of diverse ailments including uterine fibroids

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of chloroform fraction of methanol extract of Drymaria cordata (CFDC) in estradiol benzoate (EB)-induced endometrial hyperplasia.

Methods: Thirty-six rats were randomly divided equally into six groups. These included control group, CFDC: (100 mg/kg), CFDC: (200 mg/kg), EB: (2 mg/kg), EB + CFDC (100 mg/kg), and EB + CFDC (200 mg/kg). Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) was induced by intraperitoneal injection of EB. The levels of estrogen (E2), progesterone (PG), Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined using ELISA technique. The uterine histological assessment and immunohistochemical expression levels of estrogen receptor, Ki-67, cytochrome c, and caspase 3 were carried out.

Results: EH was severely expressed in the uterine section of EB-treated rats. However, CFDC administration improved the pathological features of the animal model. The sex hormones levels were increased in the EB-treated group, which were significantly reduced by CFDC. The antioxidant indices were also restored by CFDC. Immunoexpression levels of ERα and Ki-67 were downregulated while cytochrome c and caspase 3 were upregulated by CFDC.

Conclusion: This study suggests that CFDC contains phytochemicals that can protect against EB-induced EH via modulation of hormonal signaling, apoptotic machinery, and oxidative indices.

About the authors

Adeola Olowofolahan

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net

Oluwatofunmi Akinjiola

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan

Email: info@benthamscience.net

John Olanlokun

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine,, University of Ibadan

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Olubukola Oyebode

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine,, University of Ibadan

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Oluwasanmi Aina

Department of Veterinary Anatomy,, University of Ibadan

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Olufunso Olorunsogo

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan

Email: info@benthamscience.net

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