Activities of the Novaya Zemlya subcommission under the Russian Academy of Sciences: On the scientific exploration of Novaya Zemlya in the 1920s

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The article examines the joint activities of the RSFSR / USSR’s relevant scientific bodies, aimed at organizing the studies of the Arctic archipelago of Novaya Zemlya in the 1920s. The documents used in the article are deposited at the St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Central State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation of St. Petersburg, the Russian State Archive of Economics, and the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute. The Novaya Zemlya Subcommission under the Russian Academy of Sciences’ Polar Commission in 1922–1923 combined the efforts of scientific organizations (the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Northern Scientific and Commercial Expedition, the Geological Committee, the Main Hydrographic Directorate, etc.) to develop the first scientific program for the studies of Novaya Zemlya. We examine the key results of scientific organizations’ expeditionary trips to Novaya Zemlya and the scientists’ activities to develop a unified plan for the archipelago exploration. It was determined that the main factors in the intensification of the Novaya Zemlya exploration process in the 1920s were the need in the investigation of mineral potential of the islands in connection with the economic crisis in the country, and the protection of the state’s geopolitical interests in the Arctic. It is concluded that the archival documents used here contain valuable historical evidence of the Novaya Zemlya exploration in the 1920s and of the functioning of the first interdepartmental body for the studies of the archipelago. Despite its short life, the Subcommission’s activities were of great scientific and geopolitical importance for the exploration of the Arctic borders of the USSR.

Sobre autores

T. Filippova

Federal Research Center “Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”

Email: tanya.tatiana-fil@yandex.ru
Ul. Kommunisticheskaia, 24, Syktyvkar, Republic of Komi, 167982, Russia

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